Knowledge Base

Altair PSIM for Designing Power Supplies

Introduction

A power supply is an electrical device that converts one form of electrical energy into another, typically converting the incoming voltage and current to a specific voltage and current required by the connected device. It acts as a middleman between the power source and the load, ensuring the proper power delivery to the device. There are three types of power supplies: AC-to-DC, DC-to-DC and Switching power supplies. Power supplies play a crucial role in the smooth operation of electronic devices and the infrastructure that powers the world.

Simulation has become an indispensable tool in power supply design, offering a multitude of benefits over traditional physical prototyping and testing methods. By simulating power supply behaviour virtually, engineers can significantly reduce development time and costs, enhance safety, and conduct comprehensive performance analysis and optimization. This streamlines the design process and enables safe testing of power supplies under extreme conditions, such as high voltage or overcurrent scenarios, which would be hazardous and expensive to replicate physically. Simulation of power supply devices allow engineers to identify potential failure points, optimize designs accordingly, and ensure the power supply meets the required safety standards. Engineers can evaluate critical metrics like efficiency, voltage regulation, transient response, and harmonic distortion, ensuring the power supply meets the required specifications. In addition, simulation can be used to predict the behaviour of power supplies under fault conditions, such as short circuits or component failures. This enables engineers to design effective fault protection mechanisms and enhance the overall reliability of the power supply.

Altair PSIM
Altar PSIM is a software package used to simulate and analyze power electronic circuits. It is particularly well-suited for simulating power converters, motor drives, and other systems that involve switching devices. PSIM can be used to simulate a wide range of circuits, including AC and DC circuits, linear and nonlinear circuits, and time-varying circuits. Altair PSIM's powerful simulation engine can handle complex circuits and systems. The software provides a variety of analysis tools, including waveform analysis, harmonic analysis, and efficiency analysis, which makes it easy to evaluate the performance of circuits.

PSIM includes a comprehensive library of power electronic device models, including switches, diodes, inductors, capacitors, and transformers. These models are based on real-world device behaviour and include the effects of switching transients, parasitic elements, and temperature. It can also simulate time-varying circuits, which is essential for modelling the behaviour of power converters and motor drives. PSIM uses a variety of numerical integration techniques to solve the differential equations that describe the circuit. The software provides a variety of tools for analyzing the performance of power converters and motor drives. These tools include waveform viewers, spectrum analyzers, and efficiency calculators. It can be used to optimize the design of power converters and motor drives. This can be done by varying the values of circuit components and observing the effects on circuit performance. PSIM can also be used to analyze the effects of faults on power converters and motor drives. This can be done by simulating the effects of shorts, opens, and other fault conditions.

After acquiring PSIM in 2022, Altair has integrated PSIM into its broader suite of products, including Twin Activate, Embed, Flux / FluxMotor, and MotionSolve. This integration allows users to leverage the strengths of each product to create comprehensive electronic system designs. What is more, it can be integrated with other software packages, such as MATLAB and Simulink as well, to provide even more powerful analysis capabilities.

PSIM for Simulating Power Converters and Motor Drives
PSIM's capabilities in modelling power electronic devices, simulating time-varying circuits, and analyzing circuit performance make it an invaluable tool for simulating power converters and motor drives. Its ability to optimize designs and analyze fault conditions further enhances its usefulness.

Let's delve into some specific examples of how PSIM's strengths can be harnessed:

  • Simulating the startup and shutdown of a DC-DC converter: PSIM can be used to simulate the startup and shutdown of a DC-DC converter to ensure that it operates properly during these transient conditions.
  • Analyzing the harmonic distortion of a PWM (Pulse-Width Modulation) inverter: PSIM can be used to analyze the harmonic distortion of a PWM inverter to ensure that it meets the required EMI standards.
  • Optimizing the efficiency of a motor drive: PSIM can be used to optimize the efficiency of a motor drive by varying the values of the drive's control parameters.
  • Analyzing the effects of a short circuit on a power converter: PSIM can be used to analyze the effects of a short circuit on a power converter to ensure that it can withstand the fault without damage.
  • Motor simulation: PSIM allows engineers to simulate the behaviour of motors under various operating conditions, enabling them to evaluate motor performance metrics such as torque, speed, efficiency, and power factor. This virtual testing helps identify potential performance issues and optimize motor design parameters before physical prototypes are built.
  • Designing control algorithms: PSIM provides a comprehensive environment for designing and testing control algorithms for motors, including field-oriented control (FOC) and direct torque control (DTC) strategies. By simulating the closed-loop system, engineers can fine-tune control parameters to achieve desired performance characteristics, such as fast response time, high torque ripple rejection, and accurate speed tracking.
  • Simulation of power converters: PSIM enables engineers to simulate the behaviour of power converters, such as inverters and motor drives, ensuring they can meet the power requirements of the motor and handle the expected load conditions. This simulation helps optimize power converter design parameters, such as switching device selection, heat sink design, and control algorithm implementation.

In addition, PSIM can handle quick power converter loss calculations, motor drive efficiency calculations, conduct EMI analysis, and analog / digital control. PSIM also offers automatic embedded code generation for rapid control prototyping. With PSIM’s various Design Suites, users can design power supplies, electromagnetic interference (EMI) filters, and motor drive systems quickly and conveniently. PSIM also offers a user friendly graphical user interface for easy circuit design and simulation and comes with a comprehensive library of pre-built circuit models. And the comprehensive range of documentation and support resources PSIM provides makes it highly accessible to everyone.

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